Early pregnancy checkups typically involve a physical examination and a series of laboratory tests to confirm the pregnancy and assess the health of both the mother and the developing fetus. These tests may include:

1. Urine pregnancy test: This test detects the presence of the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the urine. It is a quick and non-invasive way to confirm pregnancy.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of various hormones in the blood, including hCG and progesterone, which are important for maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Blood tests can also detect certain infections that can be harmful to the fetus, such as rubella, hepatitis B, and syphilis.

3. Ultrasound: An ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the fetus and the uterus. It can confirm the pregnancy, determine the gestational age of the fetus, and check for any abnormalities or complications.

4. Pap smear: A Pap smear is a test that screens for cervical cancer. It is typically done during the first prenatal visit.

5. STD testing: Sexually transmitted infections can be harmful to the developing fetus. Testing for STDs such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and HIV is typically done at the first prenatal visit.

Fasting time is the length of time a woman should refrain from eating or drinking before certain tests. In early pregnancy checkups, women may be advised to fast for a certain period of time before blood tests. This is typically recommended to ensure accurate results and prevent any interference from recent meals or beverages.

The specific tests recommended during early pregnancy checkups can vary depending on a woman's age, medical history, and risk factors. For example, women who are over the age of 35 may be recommended for additional testing due to an increased risk of genetic disorders. Similarly, women with a history of miscarriage or preterm labor may be recommended for more frequent checkups and testing.